有效有效领导领导者排列最前的10大特征 编辑本段回目录
有效领导者排列最前的10大特征
Every business needs an effective leader. And yet, highly effective leadership is rare. Here's a checklist that comes from helping hundreds of CEOs, entrepreneurs and managers become more effective leaders.
每桩生意都需要一位有效的领导者，然而，高效的领导才干却难以寻觅。这里有一个清单可以帮助总裁们、企业家们和经理们成为更有效的领导者。
If you're feeling brave, in the spirit of a new year, you might rate yourself on the following characteristics on a scale of 1 - 10, then ask some customers and staff to do the same - anonymously, of course, using something like SurveyMonkey. The results might surprise you.
如果你觉得自己勇敢的话，本着新年的精神，你可以在下面的特征中测量自己排在1到10中的哪个位置，然后请一些客户和员工做同样的事情——用匿名的方式；当然，用类似SurveyMonkey（注：一种在线调查的工具）的工具进行测量，结果可能会使你惊讶不已。
1) Truly Humble - Leads to Serve
1）真正地谦卑——走向服务
This is #1 because no one likes to work for a jerk or buy from a jerk. If you are selfish and obsessed with your own self-image, you will be your own worst enemy. Sure, there are exceptions. But for every Larry Ellison, there are hundreds, perhaps even thousands, of nice-guy/gal business leaders whose good character makes people want to associate with them.
这点排在第一是因为没有人愿意为一个蠢人工作或从蠢人手中买东西。如果你自私并自恋，你将会是自己最糟糕的敌人。当然，也有例外。但是对每一个拉里.埃利森来讲，有几百个、或许甚至几千个有着让人们想要与他们相处的良好性格的优秀男性/女性商业领导者们存在。
I say "truly humble," because we are living in a time where fake humility is an epidemic - and people are becoming increasingly good at spotting it. And, "leads to serve," because a real leader lives to help others, using the talents and desires he was born with.
我说“真正地谦卑，”是因为我们生活在一个虚假谦逊流行的时代——人们正变得愈加擅长识别它。而“走向服务”是因为一个真正的领导者是为运用与生俱来的天赋和愿望来帮助他人而存在的。
2) Non-Judgmentally Observant
2）不判断的观察力敏锐者
During a working day, the effective leader observes his own behavior and that of others.
在一天的工作中，有效领导者应该观察自己和他人的行为。
If you observe your own behavior non-judgmentally, but with the constant desire to improve, you will get much farther than if you berate yourself, or excuse or justify your shortcomings. Doing these things will ensure that your problems remain unsolved. And, if you are asking others to solve their problems, they must first see you solving your own.
如果你非判断地观察自己的行为、但带着持续改善的愿望，你将比严责自己、或原谅或替自己的缺点辩护要收获多得多的东西。严责自己或原谅自己的缺点只会确保你的问题不被解决，而如果你要求他人解决他们的问题，他们一定会先看见你解决自己的问题。
If you take the same "calm observer" approach with others, you will be a dispassionate listener. It will be more difficult for them to guess what you're thinking, and they will be more likely to tell you more.
如果你将同样的“镇静观察者”的方法用于他人，你将会是一名冷静的倾听者。对他们来说要猜测你在想什么要困难得多，因而他们将更倾向告诉你更多。
They will still be on their best behavior - after all, the boss is in the room - but they will relax just a little bit more than they would if you were becoming agitated as you listened to them.
总的讲，老板在时，他们会保持行为最好，但是如果你在倾听时变得焦虑，他们就会比原本的样子更加放松些。
Everyone who works for you should know that what you're really interested in is the facts. Gathering them unemotionally will help those facts come out. Of course, there are other aspects of their behavior and character that you are always observing - including how they treat those below them, how much they contribute to the solution (rather than being part of the problem), how much others respect them, how competitive or cooperative they are, how observant they are of others, how much they include others, and so on. Being a calm observer will help you see these behaviors more clearly.
事实是每个为你工作的人都应该知道你真正感兴趣的是什么。非情绪化地收集事实会帮助那些事实浮出水面。当然，还有你一直观察的行为和性格的其他方面——包括他们怎样对待那些位居他们之下的员工、他们贡献的解决措施有多少（而不是成为问题的一部分）、其他人有多尊敬他们、他们有多少竞争力和合作性、他们有多善于观察他人、他们使多少人成为（他们团队）的一部分，等等。做一个镇静的观察者可以帮助你更清楚地看到这些行为。
3) Faces and Solves Problems
3）面对和解决问题
Once the good leader has observed and is satisfied that she has uncovered the truth, she then sets out to solve the problem. She doesn't procrastinate or spend too much time gathering unnecessary additional data. She gets the right people involved right away, she tells them what she has observed, tells them what she's decided to do so far, and then works with their help to solve the problem. In the course of solving that problem, they may uncover others. She takes the same approach with each new problem.
一旦好的领导者已经观察了并满意于她已经揭开了真相，那么她会着手解决问题。她不会拖延或花太多时间来收集不需要的额外数据。她会即刻让合适的人介入，告诉他们她观察到了什么、告诉他们截止当前她决定做什么，然后在他们的帮助下解决问题。在解决问题的过程中可能会发现其他问题，她会采取同样的方法面对每个新问题。
The leaders who limit their own businesses, on the other hand, will react to a problem in all sorts of unproductive ways. She may decide that it's personal, and invest her energy in "taking offense." She may simply refuse to acknowledge there's a problem. Even if she does acknowledge it, she may decide to ignore it; push it off on to someone else to fix; or blame someone else for causing it, then fail to do anything about it. If she acknowledges it and starts to do something about it, she may come up with a solution that doesn't really solve the problem. She may also pretend she is solving the problem when in fact she is doing nothing.
那些限制自己生意的领导者们，另一方面来讲，会使用所有没有生产力的方法来对一个问题做出反应。她可能认为这是个人的问题，并将精力花在“生气”上。她可能简单拒绝承认有问题存在。即使她确实承认了，她也可能决定忽略它、将问题推给其他人去解决、或指责其他人导致了问题的产生，然后什么都不做。如果她承认问题并开始为之做点什么，她可能想出并不能真正解决问题的举措。她也可能假装她正在解决问题而事实上她什么都没做。
In these cases, the best employees and partners will try to help her do the right thing. If their efforts fail, they will start looking around for new opportunities. As soon as they have found one, they will leave.
在这些事例中，最好的雇员和合伙人会试着帮助她做正确的事。如果他们的努力失败了，他们会开始找寻新的机会。一旦他们找到了机会，他们就会离开。
4) Ruthlessly Improves
4）无情地改进
The best businesses - the ones that continue to survive, even when massive market shifts affect their industry - are ruthless about improvement. They are constantly finding new ways to educate their customers, employees, and partners. They are always looking at their processes, policies, and systems, and asking themselves: "How could we make this more efficient? What don't we need anymore? What do we need now?" They don't fall into the "we've always done it this way" trap, which causes far too many companies to struggle - and fall.
最好的生意——就是持续存活的生意，即使是在大规模的变化影响到它们的行业时——就是无情地改进。它们会持续发现新的方法来教育客户、员工、和合伙人。它们总是关注它们的过程、政策、系统、并问自己：“我们怎样能使之更有效？什么是我们不再需要的？什么是我们现在需要的？”它们不会掉进导致太多公司挣扎然后倒下的“我们一直就这样做的”的陷阱里。
5) Is Fiscally Conservative
5)财政保守
Being in the tech business as long as I have, I've seen some spectacular failures. They all had one thing in common: They overspent. They managed to get some outside funding - either from venture capital or over-inflated stock prices - and they spent like there was no tomorrow. They were right - ultimately, for these companies, there was no tomorrow. In our current economic climate, fiscal conservatism hardly needs mentioning - but it is one of the signs of the effective leader, so it must be in this list. A good leader will think twice and will keep asking himself, "Do we need this now? Is there a less-expensive way of doing this?"
就我所在的技术生意领域，我已经看见了一些令人惊叹的失败。他们都有一样共同的东西：他们花费过多。他们想方设法获取一些外在的资金——或来自冒险的资本、或过于膨胀的股票价格——而且他们花销起来象是没有明天一样。他们是对的——最终，对这些公司来说，根本就没有明天。在现在的经济气候中，财政保守主义几乎不需要提及——但这是有效领导者的特征之一，因此它必须在清单中。一个好的领导者会思考2次并不断问自己：“我们现在需要这个吗？做这件事有没有少花钱的方式？”
6) Invests in the Business
6）在生意中投资
Even in a terrible economy, a good leader will invest in the business. He will just choose his investments wisely - the goal is to get the biggest bang for the buck, and to invest where it will have an immediate positive effect on revenue growth.
即使在糟糕的经济环境中，一个好的领导也会在生意中投资。他仅仅会明智地选择他的投资——目的是获得最大的花钱的收益，并投资于在收入增长上会立刻产生积极作用的地方。
For example, I just interviewed a number of salespeople for a client. The client sells very complex software programs and services. One of the recommendations I'm making to the client is to increase education for their salespeople; to make sure that they are regularly trained by the company's technical folks - and by the company's trainer, who is in constant contact with customers and their specific concerns/misunderstandings/needs. Salespeople who can answer customer questions accurately and with confidence always speed up the sales cycle - and make it more likely that the customer will buy from them.
例如，我刚刚为一个顾客面试了一定数量的销售人员。这个顾客销售非常复杂的软件项目和服务。我给这位顾客提出的建议之一是提高销售人员的教育，确保他们会定期地被公司的技术人员培训——和接受来自持续接触客户、了解客户具体的关心、误解和需要的公司培训者的培训。能够准确回答客户问题和带着自信的销售人员总是会加速销售的循环——而且更有可能让客户从他们那里购买产品。
7) Communicates Consistently, Clearly, Concisely
7）持续、清晰、简明地沟通
Tech companies are often run by technical types, or, in times like these, financial types. Both tend to be poor communicators. But even the CEOs I've worked with in the health, food, and travel businesses have problems in this area. It's not just a "guy thing," either.
技术类公司常常用技术类型来运作公司，或者财务的类型运作公司。两种类型都倾向为拙劣的沟通者。但即使是和我一起工作过的健康、食物、和旅游业的总裁们在沟通上都有问题。这也不仅仅是“男人的事情”（那么简单）。
I'm going to generalize here and say that the guys with communication problems tend to communicate too infrequently, and in a way that doesn't instill confidence in their troops. The gals with communication problems may communicate more often, but they tend to go off-subject, to the point where people leave meetings with too much data and not enough clear direction. Of course there are exceptions to these general rules - that's the whole point.
在这里我想归纳说有沟通问题的男人们会倾向于沟通太少，而且在他们的群体中是以一种不会逐渐灌输自信的方式进行沟通。有沟通问题的姐妹们可能会沟通多些，但是她们会偏离主题， 结果是留下太多的信息和不够清晰的方向。当然相对于这些总的原则来说也有例外——那就是问题所在。
The effective leaders communicate regularly, clearly, and concisely. Because they have been humble and objective enough to get the real story, whatever they say rings true to those hearing it. The listeners are open to whatever comes next - a solution or a new directive.
有效领导者们定期、清晰、和简明地进行沟通。因为他们谦卑和客观到足以得到真实的信息，无论他们给那些听者说什么戒指是真的，听者们愿意听下一个无论什么观点——一个解决措施或一个新的指示。
On the other hand, if the leader has obviously mis-read the signs, or has been misled, those listening will know it - and will not buy into his "solution."
另一方面，如果领导者明显误读了信息、或被误导了，那些听者会知道——而且将不会听取他的“解决办法”。
The ineffective leader also tends to send mixed messages. For example, he will repeatedly say that he cares about employees. This same person will never leave his office to fraternize with the cubicle dwellers, and his off-hand remarks about specific employees makes his real feelings quite clear.
无效的领导也会发送混合的信息。例如，他会重复说他关心员工，但这个同样的人永远不会离开他的办公室去与陋室居住者亲善，而他对具体员工的傲慢无礼也使他的真实感情显露得十分清晰。
Communication is not just about talking and writing. It's also about behavior and character. If you say one thing and behave differently, your character will come into question. Once people start to be suspicious of your character, they are no longer following. They are holding back and questioning.
沟通不仅仅是谈话和写作，它也是有关行为和性格的。如果你对一件事情说的和做的不一样，你的性格会值得怀疑。一旦人们开始怀疑你的性格，他们就不会再跟随你。他们会踌躇不前并产生质疑。
8) Gives Clear Direction
8）给出清晰的方向
The effective leader gives clear directions. He works out how a project should proceed, then presents the plan in a well-organized, logical fashion that is easy for his customers, employees, or partners to understand and act upon.
有效的领导者会给出清晰的方向。他制定出一个项目应该如何运行，然后以一种组织良好、易于客户、雇员、或合伙人理解和行动的逻辑方式来阐述这个计划。
He doesn't ramble on, verbally or in emails. He doesn't "think outloud." He doesn't rant. He doesn't berate anyone (especially in front of others), except in the very rare instance when it is entirely appropriate and necessary to do so.
他不会口头地或用邮件继续漫谈，他不会“自言自语”，他不会咆哮，他不会严责任何人（特别是在他人面前时），除了在很少的时候，当这样做是完全合适和必需时。
I've been in meetings where the CEO allowed himself to ramble, rant, and berate for a half hour straight. By the time he was done, the employees were more confused than ever, demoralized, and drained of energy.
我参加过这样的会议，总裁允许自己连续半小时地漫谈、咆哮、和严责。在他那样做时，员工们会比以往更加困惑、失去斗志、和精力枯竭。
Ranting is a data dump that satisfies the ego of the person ranting without benefiting those who must suffer through it - and then try to solve the problems anyway, as best they can. They will hesitate to come to the manager with the problem again, because they won't want to sit through another harangue.
咆哮是一种满足咆哮者自我的信息抛售，但它不会使那些被咆哮者受益——不会让他们尽最大可能地去试着解决问题。被咆哮者再次遇见问题时将会犹疑着去报告经理，因为他们不想耐着性子听完另一次长篇大论。
9) Is An Aggressive "Evolutionizer"
9）你是一个进攻性的“进化者”吗？
An "evolutionizer" is a leader who knows that the company's products or services won't be in demand forever. He doesn't spend any time trying to imagine what the market will need next; that guessing game is almost always an unprofitable exercise. Instead, he keeps his finger on the pulse of the customer's world, and the minute the customer feels a need and starts to make a shift, he's all over it.
“进化者”是指那种认为公司的产品和服务永远不会满足需要的领导者。他不会花任何时间试图去想象下一步市场将需要什么，因为猜测几乎总是没有赢利的演练。相反，他会将他的手指搭在顾客群体的脉搏上，当顾客感受到一种需要并开始转变的那一分钟，他已经了如指掌。
He learns everything he can about it - from customers. His interviews will either convince him that it's only a passing fad, or that it's a real trend - and if it's a trend, he starts working immediately to see how his company can help customers meet their needs in that area. He starts with his current product offerings. Can they be repositioned? Repackaged? Repriced? Redesigned?
他尽他所能从顾客那里学习一切。他的面谈将要么证实那只是一时的时尚，要么使他相信那是真正的一种趋势——如果是一种趋势，他会立刻开始工作，看他的公司如何能帮助顾客们满足那个领域的需要。他从现在提供的产品开始考虑，这些产品能调换位置吗？或重新包装？重新定价？重新设计？
Could a new technology be applied to the customer's problem? Should a new product or service be developed? He also opens up the possibility that a partnership will help him capitalize on the new market opportunity. He doesn't set the whole company running off in a new direction abandoning all the good things that everyone is already doing, but he does start to allocate resources to start meeting the new need and generating new revenue.
新技术能被运用来解决顾客的问题吗？是否需要开发一种新产品或服务？他也考虑合伙人会帮他抓住新的市场机会的可能性。他不会让整个公司抛弃掉大家已经在做的好的东西而朝向新的方向，但他确实会分配资源去开始满足新的需要和产生新的收入。
The effective leader becomes a valued and trusted business partner for his customers, opening the door for him to introduce new products and services to them. They'll be more likely to buy from his company, because they already trust his company to deliver what they need.
有效的领导者会成为他的顾客的有价值和值得信任的商业伙伴，他们为他敞开向他们介绍新产品和服务的大门。他们会更愿意从他的公司购买东西，因为他们已经相信他的公司会递送他们需要的东西给他们。
10) Has a Sense of Humor
10）有幽默感
Running a company is serious business, but if you can't laugh once and a while, you're not going to be an effective leader. A little wit goes a long way; no one considers a clown a leader. Self-deprecating humor is best, but that can also be taken too far. A business owner or CEO who constantly makes fun of himself will erode confidence in his abilities.
经营一家公司是严肃的生意，但是如果你不会时不时地笑一下，你将不会是一个有效的领导者。一点小小的风趣会起到巨大的作用。没有人认为一名小丑是领导。自谦的幽默是最好的，但也有可能走得太远。一个不断开自己玩笑的企业所有者或总裁将损害他能力中的自信。
It's a balance, as are most things in life. You should know what your strengths and weaknesses are. You should be able to laugh about them, while constantly working to eliminate those weaknesses.
这就象生活中绝大多数事情一样，是一种平衡。你应该知道你的强项和弱点是什么。你应该能够在不断工作祛除弱点的同时嘲笑它们。
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在这里输入译文
Here's the list again, in case you want to print out a short form of it. I'm going to - just to make sure I'm always eating my own dog food.
下面再列示这个清单以方便你简短打印。我打算——只是确保我一直运用我自己总结的方法。
The Top 10 Characteristics of An Effective Leader
一名有效领导者排列最前的10大特征
1) Be Truly Humble - Lead to Serve
1）真正地谦卑——走向服务
2) Be Non-Judgmentally Observant
2）做一个不判断的观察力敏锐者
3) Face and Solve Problems
3）面对和解决问题
4) Ruthlessly Improve
4）无情地改进
5) Be Fiscally Conservative
5）财政保守
6) Invest in the Business
6）在生意中投资
7) Communicate Consistently, Clearly, Concisely
7）持续、清晰、简明地沟通
8) Give Clear Direction
8）给出清晰的方向
9) Aggressively Evolve
9）进攻性地进化
10) Have a Sense of Humor
10）有幽默感
May your revenue grow mightily in 2010 - thanks in no small part to your effective leadership.
祝愿你的收入在2010年增长巨大——在很大程度上感谢你有效的领导。
