1.Oldest Aircraft Photo
1.最古老的飞行器照片
Photograph courtesy Smithsonian Institution
图片来源：Smithsonian Institution
Aeronaut John Steiner inflates his hot air balloon at Erie, Pennsylvania, as seen in the oldest known photograph of an aircraft, a quarter-plate ambrotype taken in June 1857.
气球驾驶员约翰·斯坦纳在宾夕法尼亚州伊利为自己的热气球充气。图为最古老的飞行器照片，摄于1857年，采用的是四分之一感光底片旧式照相法。
2.Civil War Spy
2.南北战争间谍
Photograph courtesy Library of Congress
图片来源：Library of Congress
Balloonist Thaddeus Lowe goes aloft aboard the Intrepid to observe Confederate activity during the Civil War Battle of Fair Oaks, which took place in Virginia from May 31 to June 1, 1862.
美国南北战争期间，1862年5月31日至6月1日的费尔奥克斯战役在弗吉尼亚爆发，气球驾驶员仁撒迪厄斯·劳在侦察南方活动的过程中死在这个“无畏号”上。
3.Man-Carrying Kite
3.载人风筝
Photograph courtesy Smithsonian Institution
图片来源：Smithsonian Institution
John McCurdy pilots Alexander Graham Bell's experimental tetrahedral kite, the Cygnet III, which left the ground via powered flight in March 1912.
1912年3月，约翰·麦柯迪试驾亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔的实验性四面体风筝，通过动力飞离地面的“小天鹅3号”。
4.Lilienthal Glider
4.李林塔尔飞行器
Photograph courtesy Smithsonian Institution
图片来源：Smithsonian Institution
Otto Lilienthal soars above a crowd in one of his manned gliders in an 1893 photograph. The German aeronautical pioneer, nicknamed "the flying man," died after a glider crash in August 1896.
这是1893年的一张照片，奥特·李林塔尔乘着他的载人飞行器翱翔在人群上空。这位德国的航空先驱，绰号“飞人”，于1896年在一架飞行器坠毁事故中死去。
5.Aeronautics Workshop
5.航空器车间
Photograph courtesy National Air and Space Museum
图片来源：National Air and Space Museum
Samuel Langley's flying machine the Great Aerodrome was built, piece by piece, in this workshop on the second floor of the Smithsonian's South Shed (behind the Smithsonian Institution Building), as seen in a picture taken January 31, 1900.
图为1900年1月31日拍摄的照片。撒母耳·兰勒的飞行机“Great Aerodrome”就是在这个车间一块一块组装而成的。车间位于史密森学会大楼后面的史密森“南屋”二楼。
6.Balancing Bell
6.飞行先驱贝尔
Photograph courtesy Smithsonian Institution
图片来源：Smithsonian Institution
Alexander Graham Bell, inventor and aviation pioneer, helps a boy balance on the pontoon of a Sikorsky S-38 amphibious aircraft in the 1930s.
亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔是发明家及飞行术先驱。图为1930年代，他帮助一个男孩在一架西科斯基S-38水陆两栖飞行器的浮筒上保持平衡。
7.Record-Breaking Raider
7.破纪录的“奇袭者”
Photograph courtesy Smithsonian Institution
图片来源：Smithsonian Institution
James H. "Jimmy" Doolittle—the first U.S. pilot to fly coast to coast with just one fuel stop—stands in front of his de Haviland DH-4 airplane near San Antonio, Texas, in September 1922.
1922年9月，德克萨斯州圣安东尼奥附近，詹姆斯·H·"吉米 "杜立特——美国第一位只加一次油从一个海岸飞到另一个海岸的飞行员——站在他的德·哈维兰德DH-4飞机前。
8.Traveling Nonstop
8.不着陆飞行
Photograph courtesy National Air and Space Museum
图片来源：National Air and Space Museum
The Fokker T-2 airplane is seen flying east to west over the U.S. countryside during the first nonstop flight across North America in 1923.
图为1923年，在第一次不着陆飞越北美过程中，福克T-2飞机从东往西飞越美国农村。
9.Spirited Sale
9.创造孽历史的飞机
Photograph courtesy NASM Archives
图片来源： NASM Archives
Spirit of St. Louis, the plane in which Charles Lindbergh made the first solo nonstop transatlantic flight, was installed in the North Hall of the Smithsonian's Arts and Industries Building in 1928. The Smithsonian bought the history-making plane from Lindbergh for one U.S. dollar.
1928年，陈列在史密森艺术与工业大厦北厅内的“圣路易斯的精神”是查尔斯·林白首次创造独自不着陆横渡林西洋飞行时使用过的飞机。史密森从林白手里用1美元买下了这架创造历史的飞机。
10.Bombshells
10.引起震动的事件
Photograph courtesy Smithsonian Institution
图片来源： Smithsonian Institution
The Aquabelles—synchronized-swimmers featured at the New York World's Fair of 1939—stand with officers of the U.S. Army Air Corps atop one of Boeing's experimental XB-15 bombers.
The Aquabelles——1939年纽约世界博览会上，特别醒目的花样游泳队员——和美国陆军航空抹黑的军官们一起站在波音的实验性XB-15轰炸机上。
11.Target Kite
11.靶子风筝
Photograph courtesy Smithsonian Institution
图片来源：Smithsonian Institution
Paul Garber, founder of the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum, stands with a kite marked with the distinctive shape of a Japanese Zero fighter in the early 1940s. Garber designed such kites for shipborne and aircraft target practice during World War II.
史密森国家航空航天博物馆创始人保罗·加伯站在那里，手里拿着打上明显的1940年代初日本零式战斗机标志的风筝。第二次世界大战期间，加伯为舰船和飞机打靶练习设计了这种风筝。
12.Rocket Man
12.火箭人
Photograph courtesy Smithsonian Institution
图片来源：Smithsonian Institution
Physicist Robert Goddard, rocketry pioneer, stands next to one of his experimental A-series rockets in front of his workshop in Roswell, New Mexico, in the 1930s.
物理学家罗伯特·戈达德是火箭先驱。1930年代，在新墨西哥罗斯威尔他的车间前，他站在他的实验性A系列一个火箭旁。
13.Let's Do Lunch
13.让我们共进午餐
Photograph courtesy Smithsonian Institution
图片来源：Smithsonian Institution
In the late 1960s and early 1970s, seminars on aerospace history held at the National Air Museum—as it was then called—opened with the ceremonial placement of this lunchbox on the table.
在1960年代末和1970年代初，有关航空航天史的研讨会在国家航空博物馆举行——正如当时人们所说——研讨会以放在桌子上的这个餐盒为开幕仪式。
14.Rocket Row
14.排列的火箭炮
Photograph courtesy National Air and Space Museum
图片来源：National Air and Space Museum
Three U.S. military rockets—left to right, the Army's Jupiter-C satellite launcher; the Navy's Vanguard satellite launcher; and the Navy's Polaris A-3 missile—stood on display outside the Smithsonian's Arts and Industries Building in the early 1960s.
1960年代初，三枚美国军用火箭——从左至右，陆军的木星-C号卫星发射器；海军的先锋卫星发射器；海军的北极星A-3号导弹——耸立在史密森艺术与工业大厦外展出。
15.Faster Than Sound
15.超音速
Photograph courtesy Smithsonian Institution
图片来源：Smithsonian Institution
Captain Charles E. "Chuck" Yeager poses in the cockpit of the Bell X-1 in May 1948 at Muroc Air Force Base in California. On October 14, 1947, Yeager broke the sound barrier in this plane, nicknamed "Glamorous Glennis." The craft joined the Smithsonian's collection in 1950.
1948年5月，加利福尼亚穆拉克空军基地，查尔斯·E，“Chuck”耶格尔上校在贝尔X-1的驾驶室里。1947年10月14日，耶格尔打破这架飞机上的音障，绰号“迷人的格莱尼斯”。1950年，这架飞机加入史密森收藏品。
16.Space Race
16.太空竞赛
Photograph courtesy Smithsonian Institution
图片来源：Smithsonian Institution
Schoolchildren line up to see inside the Freedom 7 capsule, in which Navy Cdr. Alan B. Shepard, Jr., became the first U.S. astronaut in space in 1961. The capsule joined the Smithsonian's collection just six months after Shepard's historic flight.
小学生排队观看“自由7号”太空舱里面。1961年，海军中校艾伦·B·小谢泼德乘坐这个太空舱，成为美国第一位进入太空的宇航员。在谢泼德具历史意义的飞行结束之后仅六个月，史密森就收藏了这个太空舱。
17.Under Construction
17.建设中的国家航空航天博物馆
Photograph courtesy Smithsonian Institution
图片来源：Smithsonian Institution
A view of the National Mall in Washington, D.C., shows construction of the current National Air and Space Museum building underway in December 1972.
从华盛顿特区国家广场的视角看1972年12月正在建设中的国家航空航天博物馆场景。
18.Preserving the Past
18.保存过去
Photograph courtesy Smithsonian Institution
图片来源：Smithsonian Institution
For decades the restoration of aircraft and spacecraft in the museum's collection—such as the Hawker Hurricane (left) and Nieuport 28 planes seen in the foreground—took place at the museum's Paul E. Garber Preservation, Restoration, and Storage Facility in Suitland, Maryland, (pictured). In 2010 the collection moved to the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center near Dulles, Virginia.
几十年来，位于马里兰州休特兰的保罗·E·加伯保护、恢复和储藏机构（图）进行博物馆收藏的飞行器和航天器——比如图中的“霍克飓风”（左）和前景中的 Nieuport28飞机——的恢复工作。2010年，这件藏品转到弗吉尼亚杜勒斯附近的史蒂文·F·Udvar-Hazy中心。
19.Stealthy
19.隐秘行动
Photograph courtesy Smithsonian Institution
图片来源：Smithsonian Institution
When the U.S. Air Force retired most of its SR-71 Blackbirds in the early 1990s, No. 972 (pictured) was transferred to the National Air and Space Museum for eventual display at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center.
1990年代初，美国空军大多数SR-71黑鸟退役时，为了最终在史蒂文·F·Udvar-Hazy中心展出，972号（图中）被转送到国家航空航天博物馆。
20.Layered Exhibits
20.分层展品
Photograph courtesy National Air and Space Museum
图片来源：National Air and Space Museum
William "Jake" Jacobs, the museum's chief exhibits designer, uses Plexiglas cutouts to represent aircraft on a floor plan for the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center's main exhibit hangar. By the time the center opened in December 2003, all the museum's layout plans had been computerized.
博物馆首席展览设计师威廉·“乡下佬”·雅各布斯用切割的树脂玻璃代表飞机，摆在为史蒂文·F·Udvar-Hazy中心的主要展览飞机库设计的平面图上。到2003年12月中心开业的时候，博物馆所有平面布局规划都实现了计算机化。
