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Acorn RISC PC
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Acorn RISC PC

ARM架构(过去称作进阶精简指令集机器(Advanced RISC Machine),更早称作Acorn RISC Machine)是一个32位元精简指令集(RISC) 中央处理器(processor)架构,其广泛地使用在许多嵌入式系统(embedded)设计。由于节能的特点,ARM处理器非常适用于行动通讯领域,符合其主要设计目标为低耗电的特性。
  在1980年代晚期,苹果电脑开始与Acorn合作开发新版的ARM核心,由于这专案非常重要,Acorn甚至于1990年将设计团队另组成一间名为安谋国际科技(Advanced RISC Machines Ltd.)的新公司。也基于这原因,使得ARM有时候反而称作Advanced RISC Machine而不是Acorn RISC Machine。由于其母公司ARM Holdings plc于1998年的伦敦交易市场和NASDAQ挂牌上市,使得Advanced RISC Machines成了ARM Ltd旗下拥有的产品。
  这个专案到后来进入了ARM6,首版的式样在1991年释出,然后苹果电脑使用ARM6架构的ARM 610来当作他们Apple Newton PDA的基础。在1994年,Acorn使用ARM 610做为他们Risc PC电脑内的CPU。
目录

简介编辑本段回目录

In April 1994, Acorn announced the release of the second generation of ARM machines ?the Acorn RISC PC 600. Code named the Medusa project, this was set to replace the then ailing flagship A5000 machine. 
As the name suggests, one of the main features of this computer was that it could run both Acorn and IBM-PC software side by side. This was achieved by a second CPU slot that could accept a daughter board with a PC CPU, such as a 486 or 586. This second processor then had shared access with the primary CPU to all the system resources. No more CPU intensive software PC emulation required!

As well as the second processor, other major enhancements included an updated video controller with the option for dedicated video RAM. The graphics chip in previous Archimedes range machines had shared the system memory with the rest of the computer which often proved to be a bottle neck without true DMA. Now the video controller could have video memory of it抯 own, removing the bottle neck.

The system data bus was doubled in size to 32bits wide, and the MEMU and IOC chips were combined to create the IOMD20. This resulted in much better overall I/O, yet another bottle neck removed from previous machines. The system memory was also upgraded to a maximum of 256MB and the memory bus was designed to use the more widely available EDO SIMM抯.

A unique feature of the RISC PC was its case. This came in the form of the base holding the motherboard and power supply, a mid section for mounting one 3.5" device, one 5.25" device and two single width expansion cards, and then a lid. The magic was that you could add up to 8 slices at any time, giving you a very easily expandable computer, and all held together with clips and springs negating the need for a screwdriver. Very neat.

There were 2 other Acorn RISC PC's. The RISC PC 700 was released July 1995 and the RISC PC-2 was much publicised by Acorn and then dramatically cancelled at the last minute.

Thanks to Paul Hadfield for his kind help. 

主要参数编辑本段回目录

NAME  Risc PC
MANUFACTURER  Acorn Computer
TYPE  Professional Computer
ORIGIN  United Kingdom
YEAR  1994
BUILT IN LANGUAGE  BBC Basic
KEYBOARD  Full 102 Key PS/2 PC style
CPU  ARM 610
SPEED  30 MHz
CO-PROCESSOR  Choice of IBM-PC CPU抯 including 486/586
RAM  4 MB (Up to 256 MB)
ROM  4 MB containing most of the OS
GRAPHIC MODES  Numerous - 1280 x 1024 at 256 colours, 800 x 600 16M colours
COLORS  Full 24bit 16M colours (video memory permiting)
SOUND  16bit stereo 8 voice synthesiser (PC sound blaster compatible)
SIZE / WEIGHT  35.5 (W) x 38.5 (D) x 12 (H) cm
I/O PORTS  Parallel, RS232, 2 x PS/2, VGA, 3.5mm sound jack, single width expansion slots (two per 憇lice?
BUILT IN MEDIA  3.5'' floppy disk, 3.5'' IDE hard disk, CD-ROM
OS  RISC OS 3.5 (mainly in ROM, aditional resources on hard disk)
POWER SUPPLY  Built-in switching power supply unit
PRICE  From around ?200

更多图片编辑本段回目录

 Risc PC 600

My Risc PC 600

My Risc PC 600 running RISC OS 4.39 Adjust. On top is my faithful Ilyama VisionMaster 17" monitor. To the right are 2 SyQuest removable drives, on top is an EZflyer 230MB and below is a 280MB SyQuest. On top of the case at the right is an ST Developments PS2 mouse converter. In front of the SyQuest drives is an Archive mousemat and Microsoft PS/2 Intellimouse. Originally an ACB25 it has been seriously updated.

Risc PC 600 front

 Risc PC 600 (front)

 The front view of my Risc PC 600, like many Risc PCs the spring holding the flap up has long sice broken which explains why it is sagging to the left. You can clearly see the Risc PC 600 on the panel. The power on/off switch is bottom Right underneath the Acorn logo.

Risc PC 600 back

Risc PC 600 (back)

 The rear view of my Risc PC 600 with the power supply on the left. On the top next to the power supply is the Cumana 16/32bit SCSI II podule with external connector, which has now been replaced by a castle SCSI II card, and a blanking plate over the other unused podule slot. On the right top is the serial number underneath the bar code, with the ACB25 product code in the middle. Along the bottom are the ports, from left to right, Reset button, audio, video, keyboard, mouse, Network RJ45, parallel & serial. The Irlam Instruments Risc TV card was installed after this picture was taken.

Risc PC 600 open

Risc PC 600 with the top cover off

My Risc PC 600 with the top cover removed, On the right is the power supply. At the front, next to the power supply is the floppy disc, with the CDROM next to it. The CDROM is a SCSI drive and is connected to the Castle SCSI II podule by the long ribbon cable. Above the CDROM drive are the two CPU cards. In front is the StrongARM card and the PCcard is behind it (you can just see the blue heat sink). Both cards have now been replace by the APDL Turbo StrongARM and the CJE 586 PC Card.

 Risc PC 600 with CPUs removed

Risc PC 600 with CPU cards removed

My Risc PC 600 with the CPU cards removed. In the top left you can see the RISC OS 4.39 Adjust ROMs with the white labels. To the right is the i-cubed EtherLAN 600 Network Interface. With the SCSI ribbon cable removed, you can also see the Cumana 16/32 bit SCSI II podule, which had now been replace by a Castle SCSI II card, plugged into the 2 socket backplane.

  Risc PC 600 motherboard

Risc PC 600 motherboard

My Risc PC 600 with the first slice, including the CDROM and floppy drive removed, to show the motherboard. At the bottom left is the 20GB Hard Disc. Above that hard disc is the on board IDE and floppy connectors. Going up the left hand side of the motherboard, there are the 2 CPU sockets with the RISC OS 4.39 (Adjust) ROMs. In the middle at the top is an i-cubed EtherLAN 600 network card. Below the Network Card and to the right is the 2MB VRAM with an 8MB SIMM and a 64MB DIMM below it. At the bottom on the right is the backplane socket.


Various Risc PC Configurations

rpc1slice.jpg - 11Kb
Single "slice" StrongArm Risc PC

rpc1slice_rear.jpg - 14Kb
Rear view of single "slice" case

rpc600duel.jpg - 21Kb
Duel "slice" RiscPC 600

rpc600duel2.jpg - 22Kb
Lower drive bay door open

rpc600duel3.jpg - 23Kb
Upper drive bay door open

rpc600duel4.jpg - 26Kb
Rear view of duel slice case showing extra expansion capability

参考文献编辑本段回目录

http://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=1&c=1015
http://www.classicacorn.freeuk.com/32bit_machine_spec/rpc_6_7_sa/rpc_6_7_sa.html

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