兰登·温纳(Langdon Winner)教授,1944年生于美国加州,1973年获加州大学伯克利分校博士学位。曾在加州大学、荷兰莱顿大学、麻省理工学院任教,现任美国伦斯勒理工学院(Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute)科学与技术研究系托马斯·菲兰人文与社会科学(Thomas Phelan Chair of Humanities and Social Sciences)讲席教授。1990-1992年任美国技术哲学学会主席。主要研究领域为:科技与社会(STS)、技术哲学、政治理论。
Langdon Winner是当代最活跃的技术哲学学者之一,属社会批判主义与政治哲学传统。Winner, Langdon. 1986. The Whale and the Reactor: A Search for Limits in an Age of High Technology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.此书是作者最有影响的专著。另一种也同样有影响:Autonomous technology : technics-out-of-control as a theme in political thought。
Langdon Winner是美国现代著名的政治学家和技术哲学家。他从政治学的角度研究技术,在界定了技术和政治概念的基础上,指出技术的政治性表现为两种情况:技术外在地被赋予政治性;技术内在地具有政治性,他打破以往将技术和政治分离为两个领域研究其关系,而是将他们融合起来进行研究,揭示技术的政治价值负荷。本文在解读温纳技术政治性思想的基础上,给出了初步的评价。
技术控制的质疑编辑本段回目录
兰登·温纳(Langdon Winner)是美国当代著名的技术哲学家和政治学家,仁斯利尔理工学院(Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute)科学与技术研究系的政治科学教授,曾担任美国技术与哲学学会主席(1991—1993),被称为“技术政治学的学术带头人”。温纳因其代表作《自主的技术》一书而被人认为是技术自主论的代表人物之一,然而,温纳在2004年中国沈阳举办的“技术哲学与技术伦理”国际研讨会上回答听众提问时却说,他没有说技术是自主的,还说研究技术的自主性并不等于就是技术自主论者。问题由此产生:温纳是技术自主论者吗?温纳阐发了技术自主的思想吗?如果温纳阐发了技术自主的思想,他为何不承认自己是技术自主论者呢?本文试图从温纳对技术控制的质疑、技术演进的分析等几个方面全面揭示他的技术自主性思想及其与埃吕尔的思想关系,来回答这一问题。
技术控制的质疑
温纳认为,自主是与控制相对应的概念。所谓技术自主,就是人不能控制技术,或者说人丧失了对技术的控制。如果人仍然能够控制技术,那么技术就不是自主的。
按照传统的观念和信仰,技术无疑不是自主的,因为它牢牢地在人的掌控之中。传统的观点认为,技术作品(works)是非常确定的,因为人是技术作品的设计者和制造者。人有着“关于它们构造的精确的知识”,“知道那些东西是如何连接在一起的,知道如何将它们分开。”n 控制是技术活动中的一部分,通过有意识地操作技术手段,人能够达到预先确立的目标。技术手段不过是服从于它们的使用者意志的工具。作为工具的技术是中性的,“不论达到的
目的是明智还是不明智、美丽还是丑恶、有益还是有害,它都必然是独立于所使用的工具”。 这同样适用于现代技术,不管它们是如何复杂,不管它们的规模是如何庞大。这种观念和信念可以概括为理解人类控制技术的三个基本前提。
通过质疑技术控制,提出技术漂流与技术梦游、技术命令、反向适应等概念,温纳事实上阐发了一定的技术自主的思想。温纳的技术自主性思想,特别是技术命令和反向适应这两个概念,是对埃吕尔的技术自主性思想的深化和补充。
兰登·温纳的技术哲学观编辑本段回目录
兰登·温纳(Langdon Winner)是美国现代著名的政治学家和技术哲学家。他不是一位多产哲学家,但其思想却很有见地,曾以其震撼学术界的著作《自主的技术》而受到政治学、哲学、甚至是自然科学等各领域学者的广为关注。由于对国内学界而言,温纳仍旧是位新人,所以本文力图在解读《自主的技术》原著和其个人网页、论文的基础上,对其技术哲学思想做一些探讨,特别是《自主的技术》一书中的两个核心观点:技术自主性和技术政治性。
本文主张技术合力论,认为技术的发展是一种合力的结果;技术的本质具有属人性。 除导言和结语之外,本文共分三章: 导言部分简要说明了本文的写作目的及意义,并指出了创新和不足之处。 第一章:从温纳的经历、研究领域、作品和课题四个方面对温纳其人其书做了一个较为详细的阐述,同时梳理了学界对温纳技术哲学思想以及《自主的技术》一书中两个核心观点:技术自主性和技术政治性的探索。技术自主性已经形成了技术是自主的,技术不是自主的以及技术在相对意义上是自主的、绝对意义上是不自主的三种立场;技术政治性则形成了技术统治论、温和政治论和政府中心论三种观点。
第二章:从温纳对“技术”术语的宽容界定、技术自主性、技术政治性三个方面对温纳专著《自主的技术》进行解读。文中追溯了温纳自主技术思想的理论基础,阐述了温纳的技术自主性思想,并提出温纳不是一个技术决定论者,以及技术合力论——技术是自主性与非自主性同一的主张;技术政治性已经成为政治思潮的一个主题,在阐述了温纳的技术政治思想、技术政治本质的外赋性和内具性的基础上,做出简单评价:技术和政治难以抹杀其界限而达到完全融合;最后,从三个方面解读了温纳如何从对自主技术思想的考察到将技术作为政治现象和过程的。 第三章:技术已经成为人类的一种生活方式,但我们仍旧面临弗兰肯斯泰因难题。在技术与人类的关系上,温纳认为,技术是人类未完成的创造物,是一种政治现象;本文认为技术具有属人性:技术是人类创造的具有自律性的创造物;技术的价值目标是追求发展的人民性;技术发展的根本动力是人类对自由而全面发展目标的追求。 结语部分,笔者意识到,全面而深刻地解读温纳的技术哲学思想并非一人一书、一朝一夕能够完成的,因为技术问题不单单是纯的技术问题,技术发展状况是由我们整个的社会状况造成的。因此,这将成为后续研究的起点和方向。
个人简历编辑本段回目录
ADDRESS:
Department of Science and Technology Studies
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180?3590
Tel. 518?276?8498; Fax: 518-276-2659
Home: 339 Bashford Road, Valatie, New York 12184
Tel. 518?766-9194; email: winner@rpi.edu; Web page: http://www.rpi.edu/~winner
Married to Gail P. Stuart; three children -- Matthew (16), Brooks (13) and Casey (13)
EDUCATION:
University of California, Berkeley, B.A. Political Science, 1966
University of California, Berkeley, M.A. Political Science, 1967
University of California, Berkeley, Ph.D. Political Science, 1973
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE:
1990-present, Professor of Political Science, Dept. of Science and Technology Studies
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
1995 to 1998: Director of Graduate Studies in S.T.S.
1985?1990, Associate Professor of Political Science, Department of Science
and Technology Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst. (tenure 1987)
1981?1985 Associate Professor of Politics and Technology (Visiting),
University of California, Santa Cruz.
1980 Visiting Associate Prof., School of Architecture and Urban Planning,
University of California at Los Angeles, spring quarter
1974-1977 Assistant Professor, Dept. of Political Science and Technology Studies Program
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
1972-1973 Assistant Professor, Dept. of Political Science, University of Leiden,
The Netherlands
1972-1973 Acting Instructor, Dept. Of Political Science, University of California, Berkeley
OTHER TEACHING
Current Permanent Visiting Professor of Information and Society, Pontifical University
of Salamanca, Madrid, Spain
Fall 2002 John D. MacArthur Professor of University Studies, Center for Ethics and World Societies, Colgate University
2001 Hixon-Riggs Visiting Professor of Science, Technology and Society,
Harvey Mudd College (spring semester)
1999 & 2000 Visiting faculty and online seminar on Technology and Environment, Allegheny College (spring semesters)
1999 Consultant to The College of the Atlantic on the creation of a program on public policy
1994 & 1995 Fall term seminars taught at the New School for Social Research, Division of Liberal Studies: "Technology and Social Theory"
1989 Visiting professor, winter short course, Oberlin College, January 1989;
1979 & 1980 Visiting faculty for the winter short term, College of the Atlantic, Bar Harbor, ME
FIELDS OF INTEREST
Science, Technology, and Society
Political Theory: Classical and Modern
The Philosophy of Technology
Ethics of the Professions
Interdisciplinary Design Theory
Computing, Communications and Society
American Popular Culture
Theories of Sustainability
出版物: Books and Chapters in books编辑本段回目录
Forthcoming:
Political Artifacts: Design and the Quality of Public Life
Who to Be? (an anthology of writings on technology and human identity) Langdon Winner and Ernst Schraube, co-editors, Prentice-Hall with simultaneous publication in German.
From Octopus to Polymorph, a collection of my recent essays, now under consideration at the University of Chicago Press.
Social Dimensions of Engineering Design, co-edited with Clive Dym, a book of selected articles from Workshops I, II and III of the Center for Design Education and Harvey Mudd College.
Second edition of Autonomous Technology (with a new preface), M.I.T. press.
French translation of The Whale and the Reactor, Descartes & Cie (Paris).
"Sow's Ears from Silk Purses: How Enthusiasts Betray the Promise of New Technology," chapter in, Technological Visions: Utopian and Dystopian Perspectives, ed. Marita Sturken (University of Minnesota Press, in press, 2003)
"Resistance is Futile: The Post-human Condition and Its Advocates," in The Future of Human Nature, edited by Harold Bailie and Timothy Casey, under review at M.I.T. Press
"Introduction", essay introducing the book, The Computer in Education: Seeking the
Human Essentials, Douglas Sloan and Stephen Sagarin, editors, submitted to SUNY Press.
"Social Dimensions of Engineering Design: Observations from Mudd Design Workshop III, " Clive Dym, John Wesner and Langdon Winner, Journal of Engineering Education, January 2003
2002 "The Internet and Dreams of Democratic Renewal," The Civic Web: Online Politics and
Democratic Values, edited by David Anderson and Michael Cornfield (Rowman and Littlefield, 2003).
"The Gloves Come Off: Shattered Alliances in Science and Technology Studies," in Degress of Compromise: Industrial Interests and Academic Values, Jennifer Croissant and Sal Restivo, eds. (Albany, SUNY Press 2001).
"Are Humans Obsolete," Hedgehog Review, Volume Three, Number Three (pp. ?)
Social Dimensions of Engineering Design: Proceedings of a Workshop, 17-19 May 2001,
Clive L. Dym and Langdon Winner, co-editors (Claremont: Center for Design Education, 2001). Included is a co-authored "Foreword" and my article, "Design and an Arena of Choice."
"Complexity Trust and Terror," NetFuture #138
2001 "Dos visiones de la civilization technologica," in Ciezcia, Technologica, Sociedad y Cultura en el Cambio de Siglo, Jose A. Lopez Cerezo and Jose M. Sanchez Ron, eds. (Madrid: Editorial Biblioteca Nueva, 2001), pp. 55-65.
"Del progreo a la innovacion: visiones cambiantes de la technologia y el bienestar humano," Filsosophia de la technological, Jose Antonio Lopez Cerezo and Jose Luis Lujan, eds. (Madrid: Teorema, 2001), pp. 189-205.
2000 "Introducing the Automatic Professor Machine," The Corporate Campus, James L. Turk, ed. (Toronto: James Lorimer & Company, Ltd., 2000)
The Whale and the Reactor, published in Japanese with a new Introduction, Yoshiok Hitoshi and Wakamatsu Yukio, translators (Tokyo: Kinokunika Books, 2000).
1999 "Technology as Big Magic and Other Myths," in Social, Ethical, and Policy Implications of Engineering: Selected Readings, edited by Joseph Herkert (New York, IEEE Press, 1999)
"Who Will We Be in Cyberspace?" in Computer Mediated Communication, Paul A. Mayer, ed. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999)
"Do Artifacts Have Politics?" Reprinted in The Social Shaping of Technology, edited by Donald McKenzie and Judy Wajcman (London: Open University Press, second edition 1999; also reprinted in Al Teich, Technology and the Future, sixth edition, 1999).
1998 "Mythinformation," (reprint of article) in Composing Cyberspace: Identity, Community, and Knowledge in the Electronic Age, Richard Holeton, ed. (Boston: McGraw Hill, 1995), 226-239.
1997 Technology and Democracy: Technology in the Public Sphere, co-edited with Andrew Feenberg and Torben Hviid Nielsen (Oslo: Center for Technology and Culture)
"The Handwriting on the Wall: Resisting Technoglobalism's Assault on Education," in Tech Hi: Globalization and the Future of Canadian Education, edited by Marita Moll, (Ottawa: Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives and Fernwood Publishing Co., 1997)
"Technology Today: Utopia or Dystopia," Social Research, Vol. 64, no. 3, Fall
1997, pp. 989-1017.
"Preface," in Mapping Cyberspace: Social Research on the Electronic Frontier, edited by Joseph Behar, Dowling College Press, 1997, i-iv.
Contributions to the dialogue in: Turning Away from Technology : A New Vision for the 21st Century, Stephanie Mills, editor (San Francisco, Sierra Club Books, 1997).
"Technological Determinism: Alive and Kicking?" Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society, Vol. 17, No.1, 1997, pp. 1-2; excerpted for debate in Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society, Vol. 17, Nos. 2 &3, 1997, pp. 49-50.
"Two Global Futures: Choices for A Sustainable Maine," in Sustainable Maine Technology Choices: Finding Strategies for a Sustainable Future (Orono: University of Maine, Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, publication 734, 1997).
1996 "From Octopus to Polymorph: The Moral Dimensions of Large Scale Systems," in Lars Ingelstam, ed., Complex Technical Systems (Stockholm: FRN Report 96:5, 1996), pp. 183-196.
1995 "Political Ergonomics," in Discovering Design, Richard Buchanan and Victor Margolin, eds. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press).
"From Hubris to Humility: Changing Views in the Social Acceptance of Technological Development," Sustainable Fish Farming, Helge Reinertsen and Herborg Haaland, eds. (Trondheim, Norway: A.A. Balkema Publishers, 1995), pp. 271-283.
1995 "Citizen Virtues in a Technological Order," in Technology and the Politics of
Knowledge, Andrew Feenberg and Alisdair Hannay, eds. A slightly different version appears appears in The Applied Ethics Reader, Earl Winkler, ed., (Oxford: Blackwell's, 1993) (This article has been translated into Japanese for an issue of a journal edited by Andrew Feeberg, early 2000.)
1993 "From the Pump to the Loom: New Infrastructure and American Democracy," in
Science and Technology Policy Yearbook, Albert Teich, ed. (Washington, D.C.: AAAS, 1994), pp. 87?92
"Pac Man Meets Walkman," in The Borzoi College Reader, Charles Muscatine and Marlene Griffith (New York: McGraw Hill, 1992).
"Ill-Equipped for Democracy," reprinted in The Reading Edge: Thirteen Ways to Build Reading Comprehension, second ed., Ben. E. Johnson, ed. (Lexington, Ma.: D.C. Heath, 1993), pp. 266-267.
1992 Technology and Democracy, Langdon Winner editor with introductory essay, (Dordrecht and Boston: Reidel/Kluwer) papers from the conference on "Technology and Democracy," Society for Philosophy and Technology, held in Bordeaux, June 1989 [Vol. 9 in the series Philosophy and Technology, Paul Durbin, editor].
1991 "Silicon Valley Mystery House," in Variations of a Theme Park, edited by Michael Sorkin (New York: Hill & Wang, 1991); reprinted in Computerization and Controversy: Value Conflicts and Social Choices, Rob Kling, ed., 2nd Ed: San Diego: Academic Press (1996).
1990 "Living in Electronic Space," in Technology and Lifeworld, edited by Lester Embree, University Press of America. Revised and updated version appears in Norwegian translation as "Det electroniske rommets politikk," in Kulturens Digitale Felt Terje Rasmussen and Morten Soby, eds. (Oslo: Aventura Forlag: 1993).
"Engineering Ethics and Political Imagination," in Broad and Narrow Interpretations of Philosophy of Technology, Paul T. Durbin (ed.), Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Reprinted in Ethical Issues in Engineering, Deborah G. Johnson, ed. (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1991).
1990 "Technological Frontiers and Human Integrity," in Science, Technology and Social Progress, edited by Steven Goldman, Lehigh University Press.
1986 The Whale and the Reactor: A Search for Limits in an Age of High Technology, University of Chicago Press. (Available in Spanish and Japanese translations; French translation, Descartes & Cie, Paris, in preparation).
1985 "On Not Hitting the Tar Baby: Risk Assessment and Conservatism," in Mary Gibson, ed., To Breathe Freely: Risk, Consent and Air, Maryland Studies in Public Philosophy (Rowman & Allanheld, 1985).
1982 "Energy Regimes and the Ideology of Efficiency," in Energy and Transport Historical Perspectives on Policy Issues, edited by George H. Daniels and Mark H. Rose, Beverly Hills, Sage Publications.
1980 Building the Better Mousetrap: Appropriate Technology as a Social Movement," in Appropriate Technology and Social Values, edited by F.A. Long and A. Oleson, Cambridge, Ballinger Publishing Company.
1980 Autonomous Technology, Spanish translation, Gustavo Gili Publishing, Barcelona.
Technology as Legislation" in Technology and Change, edited by John G. Burke and Marshall C. Eakin, San Francisco, Boyd and Fraser Publishing Company; also reprinted in Life After '80, edited by Kathleen Courrier, Andover, MA, Brick House Publishing Company, 1980.
1978 "The Political Philosophy of Alternative Technology: Historical Roots and Present Prospects," in Essays in Humanity and Technology, edited by David Lovekin and Donald Verene, Sauk Valley College Press.
1977 Autonomous Technology: Technics?out?of?Control as a Theme in Political Thought, M.I.T. Press.
1975 "Complexity and the Limits of Human Understanding," in Organized Social Complexity: Challenge to Politics and Policy, edited by Todd LaPorte, Princeton University Press.
美精英"好金融远科学" 奥巴马政策挤"教育泡沫"编辑本段回目录
美学者认为将改变美国职业道路
美国哲学与技术学会前主席、国际知名技术政治哲学家兰登·温纳(Langdon Winner)18日应邀在“中国科学与人文论坛”发表演讲,题为《复兴还是衰落?对巴拉克·奥巴马科技政策的反思》。
人民网科技5月19日电(记者赵竹青)美国学者兰登·温纳18日在中国发表演讲,指出奥巴马的教育计划把注意力转向基础科学和工程,这一政策将改变美国职业道路。
“过去20年间美国大学教育出现了一个不堪的事实,许多来自美国最好学校的优秀毕业生都在银行和金融服务行业工作,他们制造出的巨大金融泡沫刚刚爆炸,从中留下了破碎和人类的不幸。”美国哲学与技术学会前主席、国际知名技术政治哲学家兰登·温纳(Langdon Winner)18日应邀在“中国科学与人文论坛”发表演讲,题为《复兴还是衰落?对巴拉克·奥巴马科技政策的反思》,指出美国当前的教育“出了问题”。
“奥巴马的科教政策使美国这一职业道路有了转变——这么多年来头一回,计算机科学和工程学的招生人数出现了上升。”在奥巴马的经济刺激计划中,对科学技术教育绝对是一个亮点,兰登·温纳表示。
兰登·温纳指出,最近几年美国教育体系中一个非常值得关注的问题是:学习数学、科学和工程的学生数量大幅减少。对此问题,奥巴马计划提高薪水以招募有才华的年轻人进入数学和科学的教学领域,并试图增加科学和工程类本科及研究生的数量。
兰登·温纳对奥巴马的其他政策大多表示了支持和肯定,除了在削减军费方面存在争议。在他看来,奥巴马还没有解决藏于美国经济危机下最简单却影响最为深远的原因:对军事威慑力的盲目崇拜。
“中国科学与人文论坛”由中国科学院研究生院和高等教育出版社共同主办,邀请著名专家学者就人们共同关心的热点话题进行探讨,致力于科学与人文精神的贯通,已连续举办85场主题报告会。
美国哲学与技术学会前主席、国际知名技术政治哲学家兰登·温纳(Langdon Winner)应邀在“中国科学与人文论坛”上发表演讲。[孙自法 摄 中新网 发]
美国一位知名学者十八日在北京向高校研究生发表演讲时,对美国的军费和技术政策予以措辞严厉的批评和抨击,认为美国对军事技术的投入已经成为经济的拖累,政客和商人不喜欢讨论这一点,但证据却愈加清晰。“这个国家在全世界有八百个军事基地,这些基地毫无经济收益但其日常维护费用却相当高昂。但是这个荒唐的帝国却丝毫没有消减军事基地的打算”。
美国哲学与技术学会前主席、国际知名技术政治哲学家兰登·温纳(Langdon Winner)当天下午应邀在“中国科学与人文论坛”上发表演讲,他在主题为《复兴还是衰落?——对巴拉克·奥巴马科技政策的反思》的报告中说,也许美国是通过防御与苏联的冲突而建立了自己的军事,但苏联解体后,美国却继续发展军事力量和军事技术,就像冷战从未结束一样。目前美国对战争设备的投入累计已经达到世界所有军费开支的一半——明年是五千四百八十亿美元,这个数据尚不包括今年在伊拉克和阿富汗花掉的八百三十四亿美元。
兰登·温纳称,奥巴马的计划加强了对于更加迅速灵活便捷的军事技术需要,以应对“全球危机”和改善“我们在全球扩张的能力”,其预算也继续提供资金给一项持续的技术愚蠢行为——国家导弹防御系统,这个系统从来没有奏效过,也从来没有通过任何重要的测试,但美国每年对其还是继续花费上亿美元。
整体上,奥巴马的政策计划只是简单地维持国防事务全速运转,尽管在很多政策领域,他做出了一些勇敢的姿态,“但在我看来,他没有解决藏于美国经济危机下最简单却影响最为深远的原因,就是对军事威慑力的盲目崇拜。一个比较让人能见到希望曙光的迹象是,在奥巴马的布拉格之行中,他希望世界能够消灭核武器,并呼吁世界各国开始减少核武储备。如果真能在这个目标上有所进步的话,那么这将成为其总体科技政策中最重要的一步”。
兰登·温纳表示,奥巴马能成为美国总统对美国来说是一件相当幸运的事,他非常聪明、精力充沛、诚实、专注,是一位杰出的政治家,并决意将美国带入积极的方向。这位学者赞许奥巴马的科技问题解决方案包括:恢复对科学证据和科学推理的尊重;能源和全球变暖方面采取有力措施;决心重建美国的基础设施和恢复美国的制造业;重视科技教育和互联网的发展。(孙自法)
美国技术哲学家Langdon Winner教授应邀来华访问讲学编辑本段回目录
应中国科学院研究生院人文学院邀请,世界著名技术哲学家、科学与技术研究(Science and Technology Studies)领域主要创始人之一、美国伦斯勒理工学院兰登·温纳(Langdon Winner)教授及夫人于5月15日至19日来我院进行了学术访问。
2009年5月18日上午,人文学院副院长胡新和教授会见了兰登·温纳教授,就学术上共同关注的一些问题及双方建立长期合作关系等方面进行了亲切而友好的探讨与交流。
当日下午,兰登·温纳教授莅临“中国科学与人文论坛”第84场主题报告会,并发表了“复兴还是衰落?——奥巴马科技政策的思考”的演讲。这恰好迎合了时代需求及现今国内外人士普遍关注的热点话题。论坛举办当日,礼堂内座无虚席,听众情绪高涨,演讲过程中多次响起热烈的掌声。提问环节更为精彩,听众们的热情提问以及兰登·温纳教授的睿智回答将论坛推向了又一个高潮。
5月19日上午,兰登·温纳教授又为研究生院的青年学子们做了题为“科学技术的宏大叙事:一个危机的时代”的学术报告。报告由人文学院副院长胡新和教授主持。讲座内容围绕现时代技术哲学领域普遍关注的概念“创新”与“可持续”展开,主要探讨了这两个宏大叙事主题在科学技术与社会学界所造成的影响及其在表述方式上的不恰当所带来的疑虑。兰登·温纳教授认为,宏大叙事描绘出一幅繁荣的图景,学者与商人们活动其中,甚至于整个社会都为此振奋不已,但是危机无时不存在,能源危机、气候危机、环境危机正逐渐成为人类生存质量的威胁。于是,他为这样的宏大主题做出了基于其学术背景的修正,并将相应理论观点以及案例融入讲解中,不仅观点新颖,理论详实,所举案例也具备极强的说服力。近两个半小时的演讲及一个小时的提问与讨论,让前来听课的师生受益非浅,温纳教授的报告,再一次地获得了听众们的赞赏。
兰登·温纳教授及其夫人在讲学期间,还游览了颐和园、长城、故宫、前门大街、大栅栏、南锣鼓巷等北京著名景点,对中国的历史文化表示了极大的兴趣并盛赞不已。
兰登·温纳教授此次来访,不仅为我们介绍了当前技术哲学、科技政策等方面的热点问题,而且也进一步加深了与中科院研究生院人文学院的学术交流,温纳教授表示, 在未来将为继续扩大交流与合作而努力。